Economic Environment

  Crisis Rebuild & Reform Transition Transformation Resilience
Employment, Livelihoods and Development of Private Sectors Most formal employment opportunities are provided through humanitarian NGOs Unemployment rate high particularly amongst youth; government and development actors remain the largest employers; some systems in place for public sector recruitment More private sectors job opportunities have been created, with government continuing as the largest employer; professionalism given greater weight in recruitment. Increased job opportunities across the country, in most regions; some private-public participation (PPP) projects have been initiated in infrastructure, including out-sourcing Private sector represents a large share of the labor market; skills training and  employment opportunities are high, even for youth
Income Levels Widespread inability to pay for basic infrastructure services 10% of the population has the ability to pay for basic infrastructure 25% of the population has the ability to pay for basic infrastructure About half the population can afford basic infrastructure Widespread infrastructure coverage; citizens can afford services (covering operating costs and some network investments)
Financial Markets Absence of financial institutions and markets that can provide funds for firms providing infrastructure and other services Development partners are major sources of funds for infrastructure investment.  Government funds some investments. Some bonds have been sold, providing funds for infrastructure.  Telecom firms are able to finance projects. Some energy projects have been able to obtain capital from internal and external investors. National capital market enables firms to raise funds, mainly from domestic investors.  Some commercial grade debt and equity issues have been made by infrastructure firms.  International investors are showing interest Well-developed financial markets integrated into global markets.  Firms with strong track records can obtain funding for projects.  National government and municipalities are also able to issue bonds.
Revenue Generation Absence of public institutions for the collection of domestic revenues/taxes Collection of revenues is improving and is being documented, however problems exist since revenue management institutions have limited capacity and lack procurement regulations Tax collection and compliance is increasing, especially in urban areas – as a result of reforms in tax administration and increased tax awareness and compliance Public institutions and staff are capable of managing domestic revenues; tax and customs collection now well-structured and coordinated Government generates enough revenue to provide essential services to citizens; there is improved transparency and accountability for revenues associated with resource extraction industries.